Diagnosis banding leptospirosis pdf

It is considered the most common zoonosis in the world and is associated with rodents in settings of poor sanitation, agricultural occupations, and increasingly adventure sports or races involving fresh water, mud, or soil exposure. Utility of modified faines criteria in diagnosis of. Microscopic agglutination test mat is laborious mat, described by martin and pettit is the most widely used reference method for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis. Among patients with severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome. The clinical diagnosis is difficult where diseases with symptoms similar to those of leptospirosis occur frequently. Mat assays for canine leptospirosis should include serovars known to be circulating in the local dog population, although this information is not always readily available. Abstract different serovars of pathogenic leptospira interrogans are responsible for leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonosis of worldwide dimensions. Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction in early diagnosis. Coordination between the diagnostic laboratory and the veterinarian is required to maximize the chances of making an accurate diagnosis.

Leptospirosis anikterik dapat di diagnosis banding dengan influenza, demam berdarah dengue, malaria, pielonefritis, meningitis aseptik viral, keracunan makananbahan kimia, demam tifoid, demam enterik. Leptospira interrogans an overview sciencedirect topics. Mat tests used for diagnosis of human leptospirosis generally include a larger panel of serovars 20 than those used for veterinary diagnostic testing 57 serovars. Leptospirosis has been thought to most commonly affect youngadult, large. Evaluation of the indirect hemagglutination assay for. Recently there has been frequent resurgence of this malady coinciding with the natural calamity. Diagnosis banding perlu dipertimbangkan bilamana terdapat kesesuaian klinis dengan demam tiroid, campak, influenza, chikungunya dan leptospirosis. Its spread through their urine, especially from dogs, rodents, and farm animals. Until now, testing options for diagnosing canine leptospirosis have had prolonged turnaround times and high costs, resulting in delayed diagnosis or antibiotic trial therapy. Leptospirosis ringan mempunyai diagnosis banding meliputi. A definitive case was classified based on the who lerg report, by symptoms consistent with leptospirosis and a single mat titre.

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of humans and animals that is caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus leptospira see the image below. Evaluation of snap lepto in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. Diagnosis is divided into suspected, probable, and confirmed. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that usually occurs during the flood and is generally transmitted. The definitive serologic assay, the microscopic agglutination test mat, requires paired sera and is not useful for guiding early clinical management. Pengertian leptospirosis adalah suatu penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme, yaitu leptospira tanpa memandang bentuk spesifik serotipnya. Leptospirosis leptospira interrogans is a spirochete infection that occurs worldwide except in polar regions. The reported incidence of leptospirosis reflects the availability of laboratory diagnosis and the clinical index of suspicion as much as the incidence of the disease. Human leptospirosis results from contact with water, soil and food contaminated with the urine of leptospiruric rats, dogs, pigs and other animals. Clinical description and recommended case definition.

Leptospirosis fact sheet for clinicians background leptospirosis is a disease that is caused by spirochete bacteria in the genus leptospira. Laboratory manual iii leptospirosis is an important public health problem of india. Dengue, in particular, and chikungunya often overlap in territory with leptospirosis, and more than one infection may be present. Diagnosis dan tatalaksana leptospirosis rp2u unsyiah. While leptospirosis occurs worldwide, it is more common in tropical or subtropical climates. However, an apparently identical syndrome occurring in sewer workers was described several years earlier 337, 338. Leptospirosis ikterik dapat di diagnosis banding dengan malaria falcifarum berat. Drinking or contact with water such as by swimming, rafting or kayaking or soil that has been contaminated by urine or body fluids of infected animals.

Leptospirosis is a significant problem among farmed deer in new zealand, particularly animals less than a year of age. Laboratory diagnosis of leptospirosis ahmad sn, shah s, ahmad fmh metropolis health abstractabstract services india pvt ltd, leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic leptospira species, for which humans are accidental indian army, mumbai, india hosts. The flulike illness that characterizes mild cases may resemble a benign viral syndrome, while more severe cases may resemble meningitis or sepsis. It passes from animals to humans through contaminated water, often in tropical areas.

Leptospirosis is a rare bacterial infection we get from animals. What is the role of imaging studies in the diagnosis of. Utility of quantitative polymerase chain reaction in leptospirosis diagnosis. Ikterus memudar lalu menghilang, tekanan darah kembali normal, dan produksi urine kembali normal. Leptospirosis fact sheet resources leptospirosis cdc. The case fatality rate for leptospirosis is approximately 5%15% among patients with severe illness. It can lead to potentially fatal infections of the kidney, liver, brain, lung or heart. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh mikroorganisme leptospira interrogans tanpa memandang bentuk spesifik serotipenya. A presumptive case was identified as symptoms consistent with leptospirosis and presence of igm antibodies. The epidemiology, microbiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of leptospirosis will be presented here. Diagnosis banding leptospirosis anikterik harus mencakup penyakitpenyakit infeksi virus seperti influenza, hiv serocon version, infeksi dengue, infeksi hanta. However, plate elisa is unfit for the routine field level diagnosis. Pdf leptospirosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi dari spesies leptospira.

For example, the actual incidence of leptospirosis in the asia pacific region is not well documented 9 and leptospirosis is often underestimated. Proceedings of the 33rd world small animal veterinary. The bacterial infection is spread by the urine of infected animals from many species, both. Negative report issued after 6 weeks of incubation. Timely diagnosis of leptospirosis is important to ensure a favorable clinical outcome. Diagnosing and managing canine leptospirosis diagnostic. Diagnosis of leptospirosis is dependant on a good clinical and vaccination history and the availability of diagnostic testing at a laboratory with experience in the diagnosis of leptospirosis. In spite of considerable advances in the management of this condition, timely and accurate diagnosis is often dif. Pcr was found to be the most sensitive test for diagnosis of leptospirosis during the initial phase of. Diagnosis of acute canine leptospirosis using multiple. Background leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of worldwide significance, is caused by spirochetes of the genus leptospira. The differential diagnosis of leptospirosis is confoundingly broad. Diagnosis banding leptospirosis anikterik harus mencakup penyakitpenyakit infeksi virus seperti influenza, hiv serocon version, infeksi dengue, infeksi hanta virus, hepatitis virus, infeksi mononukleosis dan juga infeksi bakterial atau parasitik seperti demam tifoid, bruselosis, riketsiosis dan malaria. Leptospirosis during pregnancy can cause fetal complications including fetal death or abortion.

It is endemic in the tropical urban areas including our country, where. There are 10 pathogenic species, and more than 250 pathogenic serovars. Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria. The treatment and prevention of this disease are discussed separately. Menurut data yang ada, keterlambatan diagnosis penyakit leptospirosis disebabkan. Signs and symptoms can range from none to mild headaches, muscle pains, and fevers to severe bleeding in the lungs or meningitis. Penyakit ini dapat berjangkit pada lakilaki atau perempuan semua umur.

Pdf leptospirosis adalah penyakit zoonosis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi dari spesies leptospira, famili leprospiraceae ordo spirochaetales yang. Leptospirosis berat ikterik bentuk leptospirosis yang berat ini pada mulanya dikatakan sebagai leptospira ichterohaemorrhagiae, tetapi ternyata dapat terlihat pada setiap. Diagnosing and managing canine leptospirosis diagnostic update. Seluruh kriteria di atas untuk dbd disertai kegagalan sirkulasi dengan manifestasi nadi yang cepat dan lemah, tekanan darah turun. Symptoms of leptospirosis can develop anywhere from 2 days to 4 weeks after being exposed to the bacteria. Pcr negative urine and blood elisa positive leptospirosis diagnosed, suspect present since october. The benefit of antibiotics after the fifth day of the disease is controversial. Leptospirosis also known as weils disease, grippotyphosa, and canicola is a disease caused by bacteria leptospira interrogans that produce a wide range of symptoms that may occur in two phases. Leptospirosis is a blood infection caused by the bacteria leptospira. Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of worldwide significance, is caused by spirochetes of the genus leptospira. Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal bacterial infection that can cause severe complications. Mengenal dan melakukan diagnosis dan tata laksana leptospirosis serta komplikasinya. Leptospirosis adalah penyakit infeksi bakteri akibat leptospira melalui urin tikus, air atau lumpur yang terkontaminasi. Should confirm b mat turn around time we immediately inform ward by telephone, when growth is present.

Other signs included jaundice, photosensitization, corneal opacity, anemia and poor weight gain. Proses penegakan diagnosis leptospirosis dapat dilakukan melalui gejala, riwayat penyakit pasien, serta pemeriksaan fisik. Leptospirosis gejala, penyebab dan mengobati alodokter. Leptospirosis adalah penyakit infeksi pada hewan mamalia dan juga dapat menular pada manusia yang. Evaluation of two rapid field level diagnostic tools for. Diagnosis banding rinitis alergi perlu dibedakan dengan rinitis vasomotor, rinitis akut infeksiosa, rinitis sekunder dari obatobatan baik. Diagnosis of leptospirosis was made according to the modified. Pdf guidelines for the diagnosis of human leptospirosis. Weils disease, the acute, severe form of leptospirosis, causes the infected individual to become jaundiced skin and eyes become yellow, develop kidney failure, and bleed. The only screening test approved for use in the united states, the indirect hemagglutination assay iha, has not undergone extensive field evaluation. A suspected diagnosis of leptospirosis was defined based on the wholerg epidemiological criteria, i. Bolin, dvm, phd l eptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by infection with the spirochete bacterium leptospira intetragons. Patient in this cases was diagnosed jaundice ec suspect leptospirosis.